A Report On Mahabalipuram

A Report On Mahabalipuram Mahabalipuram Since times immemorial, Mahabalipuram has been always been a city whose fame has spread far and wide as being a seat of religion, learning and an important port in the ancient world. Mahabalipuram is located in the Kanchipuram district of Tamil Nadu and is home to several architectural monuments built between the 7th and the 9th century. Significance Mahabalipuram was at the height of its splendour and glory during the reign of Narasimhavaram and Rajsimhavaram who played an important role in building the many magnificient temples in the city as Mahabalipuram was the second capital of the Pallava kings. Legend has it that Mahabalipuram was created when Lord Vishnu killed the cruel Mahabali after a fierce battle. Formerly known as Mamallapuram, the city was renamed to its present name during the reign of Narasimhavarman 1. Attractions The Shore Temple: The shore temple at Mahabalipuram is a world heritage site as classified by UNESCO and is believed to be the only existing temple amongst the seven shore temples that were originally constructed. Constructed during the 7th century by Narasimha Varman, the temple bears exquisite designs and carvings and is supposed to be the forerunner of Dravidian architecture. Visitors to the temple are greeted by delicately carved dwar palaks, who are said to stand in guard of the deity inside. Arjunas Penance: This is a rock structure carved to resemble a whale and was built by Raja Narasimha the first. The either sides of this rock are engraved with exquisite carvings of Gods from the Hindu pantheon, birds, beasts and these figures are carved in such a way that gives an effect of a hurry to see the miracle about to happen. Krishna Mandapam: This is one of the largest mandapams and is dedicated to Lord Krishna, the mentor and guide of the Pandavas. The inside of this mandapam is decorated with carvings that depict incidents from Lord Krishnas life. Varaha Mandapam: The Varaha Mandapam lies beside the Arjuna penance and is dedicated to Lord Vishnus Varaha incarnation. The northern wall portrays Lord Vishnu standing on one foot atop Naga, the snake king attempting to rescue Prithvi, the Goddess of earth. The entrance to this mandapam has two pillars engraved with two horned lions that stand guard at the door of the mandapam. How to Reach In addition to being a religious centre, Mahabalipuram is also a wanderers delight for the open air museum style sights the city offers. Mahabalipuram is well connected to other cities in India. The Chennai airport is located 60 km from Mahabalipuram. The nearest railhead is Chengalpattu, about 29 km from Mahabalipuram and the city is also well connected by road to Chennai, Kanchipuram and Pondicherry.

Business Ethics and Issues Essay

Ethics Ethics is a branch of philosophy which seeks to find answers about the moral concepts like bad, good, evil, right, wrong, etc. According to OEC (2011) ethic is defined as â€Å"a moral philosophy which is concerned with what is right or wrong, good or bad, fair or unfair, responsible or irresponsible, obligatory or permissible, praiseworthy or blameworthy†. Many scholars have associated it with the various feelings and emotions like guilt, indignation, empathy etc. The ethics deals in the way of doing things and with the generalized matters related to the public policies and the personalized issues. It is based on the social practices and laws, religious matters and conscience. These social practices give strength to this branch of philosophy. It seems to be very general matter but due to its connection to various social issues, it is often termed to be very complex and difficult to employ. With the passage of time, many companies have started giving importance to the corporat e ethics and their responsibility towards the society and communities. Today, many businesses have gained lot of reputation and recognition by being in business and following the morals when conducting their business activities while many others have lost their reputation only because of bad business practices. To many, business is an economic activity to maximize their profits and the main focus for them behind this activity is money. There is nothing wrong with the money itself but the some businesses acquire money and gain profits matters most and their manner raises several questions related to the ethical behavior. Business Ethics Business ethics strives to understand whether or not a specific business practice is morally and ethically acceptable. The American Heritage Dictionary has defined business ethics as â€Å"the philosophy of human conduct with the emphasis on determining right and wrong. It specifies the rules or standards governing the conduct of the members of a profession† (Ferrell et al, 2009). It is necessary for the entrepreneurs to follow good business ethics for every part of their business. There are several global entities, that offer brands to the public for general and specialized use, are engaged in the bad business practices and many of them have been fined by the related authorities which accounts for millions. The companies are fined due to their failure to adhere to the business ethics and ethical laws. The main problem with these companies is the amount of money they generate is much higher than the fines imposed on them. This outweighs the opportunity costs associated in their business and they happily pays off all the fines. It is therefore necessary for the authorities to force business ethics over all the business entities and their business units. Business ethics can remove the minor issues like the lower wage rates, work force exploitation as well as the big issues like the children in sweat shops making sneakers or footballs for the large companies. The above discussed implications explain some of the important facts related to the business ethics. The importance of ethical business practices is forced by many local, regional and state level governments to the companies. Importance of Business Ethics Being a good person or a person of values, in one’s own opinion, being a person of good ethical and moral values is not enough in the today’s business scenarios and it is not helpful to handle the issues related to the ethics that may arise in the organizations. It is very important for the companies to understand and recognize the relationship between the decision related to ethics and the legal aspects of business organizations. The importance of business ethics was first recognized, during the 1960’s, when the social issues in business rise to large extent in the American societies. There were increased issues related to the public safety, and ecological problems related to the pollution, waste management system, disposing the toxic wastes etc. in these societies. The then president of America, John F. Kennedy, gave a special message to the general public and the companies to safeguard the consumer rights of safety, the right to be informed and right to choose, which is widely known as consumer bill of rights. In the late nineties, business ethics became an emerging field in the societies. Lot of emphasis on this field was placed by the theologians and philosophers who suggested that some of the principles of ethics are applicable to business activities. This gave rise to the academic and research writings about Corporate Social Responsibility of a company (Ferrell et al, 2009). The importance of ethical practices can be recognized by considering the fact there is an international Federation Sentencing Guidelines for Organizations (FSGO) which was established in late 90’s to set the standards and code of conduct for the companies working in the business environments. There are ten basis guidelines for the organizations specified by FSGO which must be followed by the companies in order to remain ethical in the business (Ethics Resource Center, 2005). Ethical Issues in Business Due to increased emphasis on the business ethics over last three decades, this field is suffering and is troubled by the lack of proper directions and is struck, just like Alice in the wonderland, in the issues like logic, reasons etc. Much of the research emphasis is given on the two basis approaches to understand the relationship between ethics and the business practices. These approaches used by the researchers are termed as normative approach and empirical approach (Donaldson and Dunfee, 1994). The past conception of the companies about the ethical issues in business was related to the administration of rules, regulations in the organizations and making sure that the people are complying with these rules or adhere to the standards set by the organizations to stay ethical. This conception is now nowhere implemented, today, people from the top management level and the business owners have understood that this concept of ethical issues in business is far superior than handling the r ules and regulations and their effective implementation. There are wide ranges of issues related to the business ethics currently observed by the market analysts. According to the online report published by UK Energy Saving Website (2011), today, there is wide range of areas listed under the head of ethical issues in business. These issues can be of varying nature ranging from professional ethics which may include the moral duties of engineers, doctors, and architects, lawyers as well as the employee right issues. The issues related to employee rights may further be divided into various categories like issues related to wages, safe working environment, non-discriminatory policies etc. The functional areas of business like marketing, management, accounts etc. also reported to have ethical business issues. Due to the varying natures of these issues, it is difficult to conclude whether or not any company or a supply chain partner is adhering to the ethical principles. In the current business environment, the issues like fairness, justice and honesty are the main issues that are posing complex dilemma to the businesses. Any wrong or biased decision can have a profound impact on the goodwill of the company as well as its market position. To deal with such issues, many companies follow the ethical guidelines so that they â€Å"do not lose sight on the essential value of fairness. However, if they choose to use legality and profitability as their measurement in determining what is right from wrong then business ethics will surely become irrelevant† (CFA, 2009). Business Function Ethics: Marketing Ethics Marketing is among the most crucial functions of a business in an organization. The function of this business unit is to provide understanding about the four basic aspects of a business- Product, Price, Place and Promotion. It provides interface to the management related not only to the customers but the other related parties like media, investors, distribution system, supply chain partners, legal framework, as well as others. The importance of marketing ethics is vital to the organization due to the diverse nature of stakeholders associated with this business function (Ferrell, 2007). While Ethic deals in the determination and study of what is right, wrong, good, evil etc., for marketing managers, workplace ethics deals with the rules, regulations, principles for governing the code of conduct of the members of an organization (Ferrell, 2005). Therefore, ethical marketing can be defined as â€Å"practices that emphasize transparent, trustworthy, and responsible personal and organiza tional marketing policies and actions that exhibit integrity as well as fairness to consumers and other stakeholders† based on normative perspective (Murphy et al, 2005). The concept of marketing ethic emphasizes on the practices and standards that are deemed acceptable in the marketing conduct. These operative standards are usually determined by the stakeholders and the organization as a whole which is responsible for the marketing related activities. The marketing team is required to adhere to these standards and make sure that these prescribed standards are in fit with the societal needs and expectations. According to Ferrell (2005) the ethical marketing practices are most significant in establishing and retaining long term relationship, and development of customer trust. The nature of marketing is very diverse which in turn started large numbers of ethical issues incurred by the businesses today. Key Issues in Marketing Ethics As the 21st century started, the companies and business started to give more importance to the business ethics due to the various scandals emerge early this century related to Enron, Tyco, and Sunbeam etc. most of the business scandals were related to the accounting frauds or supply chain management. During this phase, the journal of marketing consisted of wide range of articles that were associated not only to ethics but especially to the issues related to business ethics (Klein, Smith and John, 2004). The marketing ethical issues are defined by the stakeholders and the company and therefore these issues must be resolved in the timely manner to improve the level of trust and build long term relationships with these people. Murphy et al (2005) suggested that due to the nature of marketing issues, the marketers are sometimes need to deal with the choices that are subjective and moral in nature requiring them make decision regarding the moral standards. Due to these ethical standards, the companies and their stakeholders must conform to the moral principles. Many companies have started fair trade system to operate ethically with their supply chain partners. For example, the star bucks has started the fair trade system to engage with their farmers by offering right prices and maintaining business relations as well as direct purchasing options (Starbucks, 2011). When applying ethics to the marketing practices some factors are important to be considered. First, the marketers should understand the objectives of the company. Second, they must balance the marketing practices with the objectives of the company. The balancing may involve compromise at any point of business or tradeoffs (Ferrell, 2007). Most of the marketing ethics are related to the fairness, justice and honesty as well as conflict of interest, fraud, discrimination and privacy etc. Talking about the global business practices, many countries trade departments have established regulatory groups like better business bureau etc that mainly deals with the issues related to the ethical marketing. The governments have also developed trade commissions that forces laws related to the consumer protection. These government regulated bodies includes Federal Trade Commission, Food and Drug Administration etc. these organizations strives to help the consumer in identifying fraud, deception and public safety. These and many other related agencies focus on identifying the major issues that are of ethical concern for the marketers. Examples of these issues includes the communication practices adopted for marketing, wrong advertising, hidden pricing, wrong information presentation in the internal and external communication system, misleading ads, etc. to deceive the customers (Ferrell, 2007; Leclair, Ferrell and Fraedrich, 1998). A lot of progress is been made in the field of ethical marketing based on research and theory. In order to obtain promising results various codes of conducts have been developed by the organizations like American Marketing Association, Marketing Research Association etc. which has elevated the marketing practices. Moreover, many organizations have developed code of ethics which helps them address various marketing practices related ethical risk areas. References CFA (2009) Ethical Issues in Business and the Importance of Ethics, retrieved on July 29, 2011 from http://cfagbata.com/ethical-issues-in-business-and-the-importance-of-ethics/ Donaldson, T. and Dunfee, T. W. (1994) Toward a unified conception of business ethics: integrative social contracts theory, The Academy of Management Review, Vol. 19, No. 2, pp.252-284 Ethics Resource Center (2005) Federal Sentencing Guidelines for the organization, ethics org, retrieved on July 29, 2011 from http://www.ethics.org/resource/federal-sentencing-guidelines Ferrell, O.C. (2005). A Framework for Understanding Organizational Ethics. In Business Ethics: New Challenges for Business Schools and Corporate Leaders. R.A. Peterson and O.C. Ferrell, (eds.) Armonk, New York: M.E. Sharpe, 3-17. Ferrell, O. C. (2007) nature and scope of marketing ethics. In G. Gundlach, L. Block & W. Wilkie (Eds), Explorations of marketing in society, Mason, OH: Texere/ Thomson South Western Ferrell, O. C., Fraedrich, J. and Ferrell, L. (2009) Business Ethics: Ethical Decision Making and Cases, 7th edition, USA: South Western Cengage Learning Klein, J.G., N.C. and John A. Smith. (2004). Why We Boycott: Consumer Motivations for Boycott Participation. Journal of Marketing, 68 (3): 92-110. LeClair, D.T., O.C. Ferrell, and J.P. Fraedrich. (1998). Integrity Management: A Guide to Managing Legal and Ethical Issues in the Workplace. Tampa, Florida: University of Tampa Press. Murphy, P.E., G.R. Laczniak, N.E. Bowie, and T.A. Klein. (2005). Ethical Marketing, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Prentice-Hall. OEC (2011) Defining Ethics and Morality, OEC org, retrieved on July 29, 2011 from http://www.onlineethics.org/Education/precollege/scienceclass/sectone/chapt2.aspx UK Energy Saving (2011) Ethical Issues in Business, retrieved on July 29, 2011 from http://www.uk-energy-saving.com/ethical-issues-in-business.html Starbucks (2011) Fair Trade, retrieved on July 29, 2011 from http://www.starbucks.com/aboutus/StarbucksAndFairTrade.pdf Further Reading 1. Business Ethics Cases: http://www.scu.edu/ethics/practicing/focusareas/cases.cfm?fam=BUSI 2. Performance Appraisal case: http://www.scu.edu/ethics/dialogue/candc/cases/performance.html 3. Applied Ethics Resources: http://www.ethicsweb.ca/resources/business/topics.html 4. Business Ethics: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_ethics 5. Cutting-edge issues in business ethics: continental challenges to tradition: http://books.google.com/books?id=RsBfMI6di8gC&pg=PA87#v=onepage&q& ;f=false 6. A companion to business ethics: http://books.google.com/books?id=PDXVnfyKHBIC&pg=PA178#v=onepage&q&f=false 7. Harvard Business Reviews: Business Ethics: http://www.businessweek.com/managing/company/business_ethics/ 8. Business Ethics and Stakeholder Analysis: http://www53.homepage.villanova.edu/james.borden/vsb1001/Goodpaster.pdf 9. Ethical Decision Making http://www.scu.edu/ethics/practicing/decision/ 10. Importance of Ethics in Business http://www.accountantnextdoor.com/importance-of-business-ethics-importance-of-ethics-in-business-investment/ 11. The Critical Importance of Business Ethics For Effective Leadership http://www.businessexpertwebinars.com/content/view/471/29/ 12. Business Ethics Manual http://www.trade.gov/goodgovernance/adobe/bem_manual.pdf

Imaginary Audience And Personal Fable - 1564 Words

1) Imaginary audience and Personal fable. Explain what this is and write some examples. Imaginary audience and personal fable are both part of the adolescents egocentrism. Adolescent egocentrism as proposed by Elkind is a heightened self-consciousness that is reflected in their belief that others are as interested in them as they are themselves and in their sense of unique individuality. The imaginary audience is an adolescence belief that others are as interested in them as they themselves are. It is also an attention getting behavior. These behaviors peak around 13 years of age. An example of this would be an adolescent who believes that everyone notices what they wear, for instance someone might notice that they wore the same outfit twice in a week even. Another example of this, the imaginary audience is where the child has a zit feels then everybody notices the zit. A personal fable is the part of an adolescent egocentrism involving a sense of uniqueness and invincibility. This sense of invincibility may lead to dangerous and reckless behaviors. They believe they are immune from dangers and other catastrophes these such as drugs, reckless driving, etc. Because of this, some adolescents engage in extremely risky behaviors like texting while driving, drag racing and unprotected sex. These teenagers believe that STD’s are something that other people get not themselves sense they are immune to such risks. A personal fable also involves the sense that the adolescent isShow MoreRelatedGrief: The Reason Behind Personal Fable and Imaginary Audience988 Words   |  4 PagesShow, Freaks and Geeks, share similarities with dealing with grief through personal fables and imaginary audience. The definition of personal fable is where someone believes that they are unique in everyway possible. This ties in with imaginary audience, which means someone seeking for attention, or believing that they are constantly being watched. This ties in together, because when a person is going through a personal fable, they sometimes focus on themselves, and believe that people are focusingRead MoreAdolescence : A Social And Cultural Construct1639 Words   |  7 PagesElkind’s model he uses two terms to explain egocentrism; the imaginary audience and the personal fable. The imaginary audience refers to the adolescent’s assumption that their preoccupation with their own appearance and behaviour is shared by their peers. This might result in feelings of embarrassment and low self-esteem if they are looking or acting differently than their group. The personal fable is the consequence of the imaginary audience, thinking that one is somehow special or unique and that theRead Mo reA Tribe Apart Essay1822 Words   |  8 Pagesamongst you. This is how, in my own words that I would define the meaning of Personal Fable. To be the center of attention when there is good and bad happening and the feeling you have thereafter depends on what you think that others think of you. They are always watching you as you imagine. They are the judge of your every move. You have to be cool, act cool, look cool. To me this is the definition of the Imaginary Audience. To have a constant judgment of your behavior can lead to a phobia or paranoiaRead MoreAdolescent Egocentrism Essay724 Words   |  3 Pagescognitive emphasize as well as a personal fable and the creation of an imaginaive audience (Santrock 2007). During this stage the adolescent tends to create a belief that they are on stage and the world is an audience they feel as if they are constantly being watched and the people surrounding them are interested solely on them this is also why many Adolescents spend hours in the mirror putting on make up or fixing their hair. An example of the imaginary audience concept is when a young boy or girlRead MorePhysical And Cognitive Development Of Children Essay1473 Words   |  6 Pageslast stage is, Formal Operations; children ages 11-12 years and older. Adolescent can think about abstract concepts and purely hypothetical possibilities and can trace the long-range consequences of possible actions (page 49). In my personal experience I have three children ages 3, 9 and 11. In all three of my children I can see the different cognitive development stages, but the one that stood out to me the most was my 11-year-old. She has gone through a lot of changes this last yearRead MoreVygotsky s Sociocultural Theory Of Adolescent Egocentrism, And Phinney s Ethnic Identity2007 Words   |  9 Pagesothers. It encapsulates the imaginary audience and the personal fable. The imaginary audience is the idea that adolescents constantly think others are â€Å"aware and attentive to one’s appearance and behavior† (81). This idea came about because adolescents think about themselves so much and are always so conscious of acute things such as what they are wearing. This causes adolescents to be much more self conscious than necessary. Personal fable builds upon the imaginary audience-- seeing as people are alwaysRead MoreAdolescence Essay1057 Words   |  5 Pagesadolescent egoce ntrism is the heightened self-awareness of teenagers. Elkind suggests that there are two components that make up adolescent egocentrism: imaginary audience and personal fable. Imaginary audience is the belief that teenagers often hold in which all eyes are on them, that everyone else is as interested in them as they are in themselves. Personal fable, on the other hand, is the belief that they are invincible and entirely unique. This belief is what causes them to feel that bad things cannotRead MoreAdolescent Cognitive Development For Parents1496 Words   |  6 Pagesas â€Å"adolescent egocentrism† and explains that they assume that what is important to them is important o everyone, and that every action that they make is being observed a term called â€Å"imaginary audience†. This can be stressful on parents, as they will have to deal with the real high drama that comes with that imaginary â€Å"I am being watched† belief (p.192). If a parent has both males, and females than they can expect that the females will experience this earlier that the males, the females peak at aroundRead MoreThe Major Hormonal Changes That Occur During Adolescence1100 Words   |  5 Pagesaware of their appearance as well as become overly sensitive to criticism. This is called the imaginary audience. Imaginary audience however may be a positive reaction that also serves as a protective function. When an adolescent is focused on others perception of their appearance and behavior, they are learning to establish and independent sense of self. A second cognitive distortion is personal fable. This is when teens feel that they are unique and have an over inflated sense of self-worth. ThisRead MoreSong Is Popular Among Teens988 Words   |  4 Pagesis how Miley Cyrus expresses her sexuality and defies the norms of society. Miley Cyrus explicitly uses sex as an undertone to promote and portray messages to her targeted audiences. An example, â€Å"I always get a t en cause I m built like that† that refers to her body and thinking that she is perfect in the eyes of her audience. In addition, she wears provocative attire like see through bras, underwear and her use of foul language in causal conversation plays an important role how adolescence teenagers

The Elements of Emotional Intelligence - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 459 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2019/05/06 Category Psychology Essay Level High school Tags: Emotional Intelligence Essay Did you like this example? Emotional analytics are involved in every action, decision and judgment that we undertake. People with emotional intelligence recognize this and use it to manage their life. In the course of the last two decades, this concept has become a very important indicator of a person?s knowledge, skills and abilities in the workplace, school and personal life. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Elements of Emotional Intelligence" essay for you Create order Research proved the role of EI in performance, motivation, decision-making, management, and leadership. Therefore, EI has many benefits when applied efficiently. They entail valuable information about confidence, awareness, conscious decision making and every aspect of the human life. Studies have proven that emotions are constructive and contribute to performance enhancement and well-evaluated decisions. John Mayer and Peter Salovey coined the phrase emotional intelligence in 1990. Many EI models have developed over the last two decades; they can be divided in three categories: ability, mixed, and trait EI models. The major difference in the three is whether EI an innate human ability or a competence that can be trained into or gained over time. There is variation from strict testing of abilities with scale type models to the subjective questionnaires of self-reporting.  µ Ability models define emotional intelligence as a mental ability. µ Mixed models of emotional intelligence combine mental ability with personality characteristics such as optimism and wellbeing. µ While trait models of EI refers to an individual?s perception of their abilities in emotional conditions.Social and cognitive neuroscience research findings and their wide application within the corporate environment marked a fundamental shift in the perception of emotions. The writings of years of psychology and management also gave way to designing of models about EI concept and working under experimentally valid scenarios. The elements of emotional intelligence as defined by Reuven Bar On (1996), Daniel Goleman (1995), and Petrides (2000) 1. Self-awareness Recognise your feelings, understand your swift or prompt responses to events and analyse how your emotions affect your behaviour and performance. 2. Self-Regulation Manage internal cognitive states, impulses and resources to achieve goals. Identify limiting beliefs. 3. Self-Motivation Use deep emotional states to move and guide you towards your goals. Enable yourself to take initiatives and to persevere in the face of obstacles and setbacks. 4. Social awareness Sense, understand and respond to what other people are feeling. Having empathy with others and also comprehending social networks while paying attention to body language cues. 5. Social Skill Being able to manage, influence and inspire emotions in others. Handle emotions in relationships. Influencing and and inspiring others through effective emotion communication. Interpersonal Relationships All relationships, whether work-related or personal, have 3 bases: Fulfiling needs, relating to each other, and exchanging information through feelings, thoughts, and ideas. Reciprocating is important in every relationship so that both parties may benefit. Sharing thoughts and feelings make up stronger and well grounded relationships.